What does the self-medication theory of addictive behavior suggest?

The self-medication theory of addictive behavior posits that individuals may use substances or engage in addictive behaviors as a way to cope with or alleviate negative emotional states, such as anxiety, depression, or stress. This approach implies that people often turn to alcohol, drugs, or other addictive behaviors to self-soothe or to escape unpleasant feelings, believing that these substances can provide temporary relief or emotional stability.

The theory suggests that the underlying motivation for these behaviors is not merely the pursuit of pleasure, but rather an attempt to manage distress or discomfort. The idea is that individuals who struggle with mental health issues or overwhelming emotions may seek out substances as a form of self-medication, thereby linking their addiction to their emotional and psychological well-being.

This perspective helps to highlight the connection between mental health and addiction and emphasizes the importance of addressing underlying emotional issues in treatment approaches for addiction, as simply abstaining from substance use may not address the root causes of the behavior.